Fibroepithelial Polyp Mimicking a Renal Pelvis Tumor

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. FIG. 1. Abdominopelvic computed tomo-graphy (CT) scan showed a heterogeneous enhancing mass on the right pelvocalyx and upper ureter with hydronephrosis (circle) (A); retrograde pyelography revealed a smooth filling defect from the upper ureter to the renal pelvis (arrows) (B). A 42-year-old female presented with abdominal pain that had developed 1 month previously. She had been diagnosed as having right hydronephrosis with a renal pelvic mass and ureteral mass on an abdominopelvic computed tomog-raphy (CT) scan at a local clinic. She was referred to Chonnam National Hwasun Hospital for further evaluation. Her medical history was unremarkable; the physical examination of her external genitalia and the results of blood examinations were normal. Urinalysis revealed microscopic hematuria (1 to 4 red blood cells/high-power field) but no history of gross hematuria. An abdominopelvic CT scan showed a heterogeneous enhancing mass on the right pelvocalyx and upper ureter with hydronephrosis (Fig. 1A). Retrograde pyelography revealed a smooth filling defect from the upper ureter to the renal pelvis (Fig. 1B). The result of urine cytology of the right ureter was benign atypia. Under suspicion of an upper urinary tract urothelial carci-noma, diagnostic ureteroscopy and nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision was planned. With the patient under general anesthesia, an 8 Fr rigid ureteroscope was advanced into the right ureter and an elongated mass was identified at the mid ureter. A small portion of tumor tissue was obtained by use of biopsy forceps for frozen biopsy. Biopsy was suggested for a benign lesion such as fi-broepithelial polyp. According to the frozen biopsy report,